Welcome to TRS
The blower motor itself gets 12v from the blower fuse and then thru the blower relay in engine bay fuse box
The blower relay is activated by climate control switch in cab, it uses 12v from fuse 27 in cab fuse box to activate this relay
Blower relay should be activated in ALL settings except OFF
The Blend door also uses the same fuse 27 12v but that is the only connection between the blower motor and blend door, they share a fuse
If both were not working then fuse 27(10amp) would be the issue most likely
Like most, if not all, Ford blower motors the Speed of the blower is control by the blower motors GROUND
For High the speed switch on dash sends a DIRECT Ground to blower motor
For lower speeds the Resistor block is used
This is why you can have HIGH but no lower speeds, a resistor block failure
With key on/engine off
Climate control on any setting except OFF
And fan speed set at HIGH
Check blower motors 2 wires for 12v to battery ground, and Ground to battery positive
One will be missing if blower is not working, assuming blower motor is not dead, lol
If its the 12volts then problem is in the relay activation assuming fuse 13(30amp) is OK
You can have someone turn climate control switch OFF then to any other setting and you should feel the relay "click" or hear it "click"
If no Ground then could be the ground inside cab for speed switch or the speed switch itself
EDIT: One thing I forgot to mention is that the cab fuse box is inside the SJB(smart junction box) it has several multi wire connectors, and these connection are know for getting corrosion inside, just need to be cleaned
There is an article here that shows SJB and how to remove these connector to check them:
https://www.therangerstation.com/tech_library/short_burst_horn_mod.shtml
You just pull the levers up and it disconnects the connector, then they can be removed for inspection
Connector numbering here:
https://ricksfreeautorepairadvice.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2007-Ford-Ranger-Fuse-Diagram-Smart-Junction-Box-3_0-4_0.jpg
Your fuse 27 runs to climate control thru C2280B, pins 18 and 22, as shown in diagram, pin 22 is 12v to power the blower relay thru the switch
AC-heat wiring diagram here