Don't just go swapping battery cables around, or you're likely to fry things.
First, clean your battery until you find both the + and - marks molded into the battery case, and you're sure which is which. The red cable goes to the + terminal. If you don't have a red cable, the cable that goes to the starter solenoid goes to the + terminal. The other cable (should be black) goes to the - terminal.
It sounds like your battery cable(s) may be frayed. Inspect them closely, and replace them if they're damaged.
Make sure the terminals are clean and the clamps are tight.
If you find that the cables are already hooked up backwards, then damage may already have occurred. Correct the problem, check your fuses, cross your fingers, and see if it runs.