85 Ranger 2.3L codes 21,23,24 sensors “out of range” and 41 states lean condition which I have been dealing with(replaced TPS). What exactly does “out of range” mean?
Out of range means that the signal sent back from the sensor during the self test is either above or below the expected maximum or minimum value. It is outside of the expected range for that sensor.
These codes can be set for a number of reasons. If there is a short to voltage making the reference signal higher than it should be the return will also be higher. A bad wire or sensor can cause a low signal.
Also, if the prescribed conditions for running the test have not been met out of range codes can be set.
For an on-demand self test you are supposed to have the engine idling at operating temp, and at some point during the test the brakes are supposed to be pressed once, the steering wheel is supposed to be cycled at least one half turn, and the OD cancel switch is supposed to be cycled if it is equipped.
If the engine is cold it can set ECT out of range codes. Failure to work the brakes and steering can set out of range codes for the brake switch and power steering pressure switch.
A lot of times those codes don't mean anything other than you didn't meet the correct conditions for running the test.
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