Another thing to consider is that it doesn't all have to be made from aluminum. How much force/stress will the unit actually be seeing? You're using it to turn a shaft, after that the only forces applied that I can imagine would be if you bounce it off a rock or something. If this is the backup plan to get home it probably shouldn't be encountering too many hard objects like that. Even there with where I'm mentally picturing the shiftster to be located, anything would have to get past the transfer case itself to hit the unit.
I can understand wanting the plate for indexing so that you can be certain of having it in 2, N, 4hi, or 4lo, but that seems to be it's main purpose aside from holding the knob in place. The plate itself should probably be metal considering that you're bolting it up to the t-case, and likely to be a fair bit of vibration there. That said, it should be a fairly simple object to machine. It could probably be designed as flat plate with a few mounting and indexing holes, maybe a couple of engravings to show the position.
Isn't the shaft in the shift motor plastic, been a while since I looked at one? All it needs to do is rotate the shaft on the t-case, that shaft can be turned by hand if you can get a grip on it as evidenced by the original shiftster. We use a pair of pliers in the field because we can't get a grip on it, not because we need the extra leverage to turn it. Maybe a metal sleeve to reenforce the plastic shaft where it mates with the transfer case? Just to help prevent cracking and spreading. Might need a little more consideration to design than that, but seems to me like it could be fairly easily 3D printed, or maybe machined from something like Delrin for less cost than aluminum.
The knob shouldn't be a problem to 3D print, be a lot less waste than CNC from aluminum. The issue with CNC, depending on the equipment, is machine setup. They want enough production to justify configuring the machine for the job, which means large batches. With 3D printing, once the initial design work is done, upload the file to the printer, load the correct filament, and print. No major work to be done on switch over, so smaller batches souldn't be a problem. There are some very strong materials out there these days.