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4.0l Ohv complete rebuild, still makes same knocking noise


Nick Ranger - Private Eye

Member
Ford Technician
Joined
Mar 4, 2023
Messages
15
City
Olympia, WA
Vehicle Year
1994
Transmission
Manual
So I just spent a lot of time and money rebuilding my Rangers 4.0 ohv after it developed a knock type sound at 340k miles (180k of which were mine). It appears only on tip-in and light acceleration to the naked ear. Except on cold startup when it can sometimes be heard briefly at idle after the first minute and then for a couple minutes. Sounds heavier than a lifter tick and lighter than a full on rod knock. I never could fully confirm the noise source but the heads, pistons, and valves did have alot of carbon build up and several cylinders had worn down valve seats. But decarbonizaton treatments never helped nor did heavier weight oil, rislone, mmo or any other snake oil I may have tried. Original rockers, and pushrods were all worn, lifters were original but had no obvious collapse and no damage to rollers or needle bearings. I did compression and leakdown testing and found cylinder 6 was the worst (which was where the worn exhaust valve seat was. But overall compression was decent (average 175).
I am a Ford ASSET graduate and 5 year dealer technician (2006-2011), 13 years handyman/mobile mechanic). This is my first complete engine rebuild besides school but I was very thorough about the process and followed all procedures for bearing and ring clearances. I took the disassembled engine to a reputable machine shop, they went over it and said it needed heads but the block, pistons, and rods were ok and just needed the bores honed and the crank polished. They did not provide any recorded measurements but assured me everything was measured to spec. They also said they could reuse the valves and springs in the new bare heads, and had tested the springs to ensure correct spring rate. They reground the seats and valves to ensure proper fit but did not lap them, but said they vacuum tested them.
I replaced all pushrods(Melling), lifters (melling), rocker arms(melling), full timing kit, oil pump, all sensors (SMP), injectors (SMP), pulleys including balancer, power steering pump, water pump, filters, hoses.
I have now put 1000 miles on the engine and the noise is exactly the same as what it was before I took it apart. Except now there is also a lifter rattle type noise on startup after sitting overnight. I purchased a Steelman chassis ear from Amazon and drove it for 500 miles moving microphones around trying to pinpoint the noise. The microphone levels are not all equal so some mics are louder than others but it appears to be coming somewhere from the drivers side of the engine but top vs bottom cannot be determined, and neither can the specific cylinder. I removed the drivers valve cover, checked for play in the valvetrain, found none initially. I pulled rocker arm assembly and checked pushrods by rolling on flat surface, none appeared bent. I reassembled and ran the engine, still had the noise. Then I left it sit overnight, pulled the valve cover again and found some slight lifter leakdown on 2 lifters, cyl 5 intake and cyl 6 exhaust.
I’m not sure if this is the source of my driving noise but it seems like the only evidence I can find without further tear down. The only other thing I can suspect is piston slap which seems likely given that the pistons are original although not worn on the skirts at all (can still see original machining marks all the way down), and the cylinders all had crosshatch still visible and no serious scoring or wear from piston skirt slap. But if the machinist didn’t measure cylinder to piston wall clearance adequately, they may have missed something.
My question is has anybody had this experience, or have any suggestions for things I may be missing. Thanks!
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Last edited:
welcome to 4.0 rebuild hell.

are you using the original pcm?


are there any codes?


do you have a camshaft sensor? if you do is it correctly installed...?


does it have egr?


are you using a non egr computer if you deleted the egr?

you are absolutely positive the timing is on?
 
Thanks lol - So no the original PCM crapped out mid 2022 from a leaky capacitor corroded trace circuits on the board, replaced with “reman” unit from Autozone. It has run perfect since that until it sat for a month and when I started for first time it had the usual lifter clatter but then always had this sort of knock. The ignition control module is also not original but is just one I got from a pick n pull in 2022 while trying to diagnose the misfire that ended up being the pcm.
No current codes. No camshaft sensor. No egr from factory. Yes using non egr computer. Yes absolutely positive timing is on point, it runs great otherwise. I don’t think it’s a detonation knock, I know knock usually means detonation but it sounds more like marbles being banged together id say. I’ll see about adding a link to a google photo album where I have video with the noise recorded.
 
@Nick Ranger - Private Eye ,
I want verify that I understand you:
• you reused the stock bore pistons with 340k miles
• you did not bore the cylinders, they were honed
• the machinist polished the crank
• using a used (unknown hours/miles) ignition module

You used all new valve train (lifters, rods and rockers):
• did you do a complete overhaul of the rocker arms?
• did you measure the lifter preload?

Have you tried premium gasoline?
 
@Nick Ranger - Private Eye ,
I want verify that I understand you:
• you reused the stock bore pistons with 340k miles
• you did not bore the cylinders, they were honed
• the machinist polished the crank

You used all new valve train (lifters, rods and rockers):
• did you do a complete overhaul of the rocker arms?
• did you measure the lifter preload?
Yes you understand me correctly
I did “overhaul” the rockers by hot detergent soak cleaning the rocker shaft which showed no wear and had acceptable fitment of new rocker arms, reused all springs and clips. Not aware of lifter preload measurment - I soaked them in break in oil for weeks before installing them, that’s all I knew about doing.
 
That does sound like valve train noise to me. Possible that one of the rockers is worn just a bit where the shaft slides through it?

I had a Malibu that would make piston slap noises, the 3.1s were pretty well known for that and it sounds nothing like your noise, much more low pitched and it went away as the engine warmed up. The V10 in my F250 does it too. It's a dull thud noise.
 
If you can reliably re-create the noise while sitting in the driveway, pick a method to de-activate each cylinder one at a time, and see if the noise comes from one particular cylinder more than the others, or is it from all the cylinders.
 
i assume the rods and pistons all went where they came from...

for sure study the plugs.

i assume the cylinder balance test is solid.

did they seperate the rods?

wrist pin could be a thing....something in the trans or flywheel/converter/flexplate could be a thing.
 
i assume the rods and pistons all went where they came from...

for sure study the plugs.

i assume the cylinder balance test is solid.

did they seperate the rods?

wrist pin could be a thing....something in the trans or flywheel/converter/flexplate could be a thing.
Yes rods and pistons went back in their original locations, they were not separated. The machine shop said they were good. I couldn’t feel any play in the wrist pins either.
I don’t have a scan tool to do a cylinder balance test. I chassis eared the trans and the noise doesn’t sound like it’s coming from there, it’s definitely louder on top of the engine when listening with the chassis ear.
 
If you can reliably re-create the noise while sitting in the driveway, pick a method to de-activate each cylinder one at a time, and see if the noise comes from one particular cylinder more than the others, or is it from all the cylinders.
Yeah the noise is only present sometimes at idle for a couple minutes during warm up. I pulled every plug wire individually and listened to the noise change but couldn’t determine which cylinder specifically effected it most, only that it seems like it’s on the drivers side bank. The noise isn’t consistent either, it kind of lopes and cuts in and out at idle. It’s really only consistent during the driving conditions I described. I might be able to drive it with each injector unplugged and see how that sounds.
 
Did you inspect and reuse the cam? I didn't see you say it was new.

Did the block get tanked... new casting plugs and a good clean up on the oil galleys?

Still running the break in oil?
 
Subbed because mine does all these symptoms and sometimes the radio won’t turn up loud enough to fix it.
 
Listened to the video and sounded familiar. I thought the old "rattle like shaking a can of marbles" thing was pretty well known. Wasn’t there a TSB on it for the 4.0 ohv? Mine's done it to varying degrees since I got it over 20 years ago and over 150k. Sometimes I would swear someone swapped in a diesel while I wasn't looking. Thought it had something to do with the geometry of the top of the cylinders and a bit of piston "movement" at the top of the stroke. Allegedly not detrimental although that's what they say. Maybe I'm misinterpreting the noise?
 
sounds like valvetrain noise.
pull the oil fill cap and listen.
is "chassis ear" a hose or a metal probe?
 

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