I also did a fair amount of testing with my own truck. My dad drove it for 12 years with an average MPG of 17.5, with a cap on it.
I drove it for a year with the cap off and the gate up. I got about 17.5 (driving like a 16 year old).
I let the gate down for a year, and got 16 ish.
I put the gate back up, did a full tune up and ignition system overhaul, increased my highway driving a bit and got into the low 20s.
I put a bed cover on it, upped my highway driving again, and dropped to around 19. It is worth noting however that this drop in mileage closely coincided with E-10 becoming the standard pump fuel in my area. At this point the engine also had more than 150,000 miles on it.
The bed cover has since ripped and been removed, my driving style has changed and become a bit more practical, if not less aggressive, and the engine was replaced. My average has returned to 17.5 give or take.
The engine was recently replaced again with a 4.0, and I have yet to run two full tanks through it since getting it running. The first tank came in just about 17.5.