Typically, the accumulator/dryer should be replaced anytime an AC system has been "open".
Realistically, in my opinion, you have two basic approaches.
1) Shoot it with a DIY charge-in-a-can, and see what you've got. It may blow cold, for a to-be-determined amount of time; or it'll puke and the problem area is obvious. A charge with dye is an option, and a charge with the right oil may be a good idea. If it's a small leak, you might get through a summer, and the UV dye will help find the leak. This approach can buy time, or it can show you what's wrong with the system right away. If the system is majorly pooched, see option 2.
2) Replace everything. At minimum, you can gamble on the evaporator but plan on new compressor, condenser, dryer, orifice valve, all hoses, and new o-rings throughout. Small parts (like overpressure and low pressure switches, the clutch) could also be optional. The problem is, replacement parts in general are garbage these days.
Before doing anything, it's a good idea to visually inspect all of AC components, looking for obvious oil stains. A slow leak or a puking (especially) will have oil in the escaping charge, and evidence of oil stains on components can provide a visual clue of the failure point.
If the compressor took a dump, you'll have to replace it all.